Physical (element)

Physical (物理, Butsuri), also called Weapon (武器攻撃, Buki Kōgeki, lit. "Weapon Attack"), is a recurring element that appear in the Kingdom Hearts series. It embodies the power of physical attacks.

Kingdom Hearts

Attacks and abilities

Party members

Attack	Type	Description
Sora: Ground Vertical Swing Sora: Ground Side Swing Sora: Ground Thrust Sora: Ground Spin Swing Sora: Rising Swing Sora: Jump Swing Sora: Aerial Vertical Swing Sora: Aerial Upswing Sora: Aerial Spin Swing	Attack
Donald Duck: Ground Attack Donald Duck: Jump Attack	Attack
Goofy: Ground Shield Punch Goofy: Ground Spin Technique Goofy: Aerial Shield Punch Goofy: Aerial Shield Upper Goofy: Rush	Attack
Tarzan: Ground Mow Down Tarzan: Ground Thrust Tarzan: Aerial Downswing Tarzan: Aerial Upswing	Attack
Aladdin: Ground Vertical Swing Aladdin: Ground Mow Down Aladdin: Aerial Vertical Swing Aladdin: Aerial Mow Down	Attack
Ariel: Tail Attack Ariel: Somersault Attack	Attack
Jack Skellington: Threaten Jack Skellington: Step Attack Jack Skellington: Aerial Spin Attack	Attack
Peter Pan: Trust Peter Pan: Vertical Swing	Attack
Beast: Ground Right Claw Beast: Ground Left Claw Beast: Ground Both Claws Beast: Aerial Left Claw Beast: Aerial Spin Attack	Attack
Counterattack	Combat Ability	Strike back after parrying an enemy blow. Successful counterattacks restore MP.
Slapshot[KH I FM]	Combat Ability	Rapidly strike enemies ahead of you. Occasionally deals critical damage.
Sliding Dash[KH I FM]	Combat Ability	Rush and strike a distant enemy.
Vortex	Combat Ability	Close the distance to nearby enemies with this powerful spinning attack.
Aerial Sweep	Combat Ability	Leap at an airborne enemy and strike a mighty blow.
Blitz	Combat Ability	Strike enemies ahead of you with a powerful finishing combo.
Hurricane Blast[KH I FM]	Combat Ability	From an aerial combo, unleash an extremely powerful finishing combo attack to the enemy below.
Ripple Drive[KH I FM]	Combat Ability	Unleash a powerful finishing combo attack upon surrounding enemies. Attack power is relative to max MP value.
Rocket	Combat Ability	Leap at an airborne enemy and attack with shield. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Charge	Combat Ability	Charge and knock out an enemy with shield. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Tornado	Combat Ability	Whirl after an enemy, using shield to attack. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Raging Boar	Combat Ability	Thrash surrounding enemies with spear, blowing them out of the way. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Crescent	Combat Ability	Jump straight up to attack enemies overhead. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Sandstorm	Combat Ability	Strike at enemies while charging through them. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Spiral Wave	Combat Ability	Charge at a target with a spinning attack. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Applause!	Combat Ability	Upstage foes with this dramatic, long-range sliding attack. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Hummingbird	Combat Ability	Dart in to rain countless blows upon the enemy. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Ferocious Lunge	Combat Ability	Lunge at an enemy from a distance. [Special attack. Cost: 1 MP.]
Ars Arcanum: Arcanum Ars Arcanum: Bash Ars Arcanum: Finis	Special Ability	A formidable attack. After a combo, select followup attack again for a double combo. [Short-range attack. Cost: 3 MP.]
Strike Raid: Strike Strike Raid: Raid Strike Raid: Judgment	Special Ability	Hurl the Keyblade at an enemy. Select followup attack at right time for a combo. [Long-range attack. Cost: 2 MP.]
Ragnarok: Ragnarok	Special Ability	After aerial combo, select followup attack at right time to unleash Ragnarok. [For airborne targets. Cost: 3 MP.]

Weakness and Resistance

Party members

Since enemies cannot deal Weapon-type damage, party members don't have a Weapon Resistance stat.

Enemies
Most enemies have no resistance or weakness to Weapon-type attacks.
Resistance Enemy Resistance Black Fungus Deals 1 damage Rare Truffle Deals 2 damage Black Ballade[KH I FM] Deals 20 damage	Weakness Enemy Weakness Oogie Boogie x1.50	Immunity Enemy Resistance Grand Ghost[KH I FM] x0 Missile Diver[KH I FM] x0 Pink Agaricus[KH I FM] x0

Kingdom Hearts Chain of Memories

Attacks and abilities

Party members

Attack	Type	Description
Kingdom Key	Attack Card	Not very powerful, but reliable and easy to handle.
Three Wishes	Attack Card	Fairly strong with a fast swing.
Crabclaw	Attack Card	Easy to handle with an impressive recovery time after card breaks.
Pumpkinhead	Attack Card	Easy to handle with a fast recovery after card breaks.
Fairy Harp	Attack Card	Easy to handle with a formidable swing speed.
Wishing Star	Attack Card	Not very powerful, but very easy to handle.
Olympia	Attack Card	Powerful with a quick recovery after card breaks.
Lady Luck	Attack Card	A balanced weapon that is easy to handle.
Divine Rose	Attack Card	Features a powerful strike and fast swing.
Oathkeeper	Attack Card	A well-balanced weapon with a very powerful thrust.
Ultima Weapon	Attack Card	The strongest attack card to be found.
Star Seeker[KH Re:CoM]	Attack Card	An attack card with a powerful combo finish and the shortest recovery time from card breaks.
Follow the Wind[KH Re:CoM]	Attack Card	A well-balanced weapon with a powerful thrust and a short recovery time from card breaks.
Hidden Dragon[KH Re:CoM]	Attack Card	An attack card with weak strikes but powerful combo finishers.
Midnight Roar[KH Re:CoM]	Attack Card	A well-balanced weapon with a powerful thrust and a short recovery time from card breaks.
Maverick Flare[KH Re:CoM]	Attack Card	An attack card with weak strikes but powerful combo finishes.
Two Become One[KH Re:CoM]	Attack Card	A weapon with a powerful thrust and combo finish.
Soul Eater	Attack Card	Reacts to dark power. Riku's strength is higher when he wields darkness in battle.

Enemies

Enemy Attack Description Shadow Sliding (スライディング, Suraidingu)[KH CoM] Kicks while sliding along the ground. Unlikely to hit an aerial target. Scratch (引っかき, Hikkaki)[KH Re:CoM] Jump Attack (ジャンプ攻撃, Janpu Kōgeki) Jumps forward and swings its claws down. Quick execution. Soldier Scratch Attack (引っかき攻撃, Hikkaki Kōgeki)[KH CoM] Swings its arm and scratches like throwing a ball. Spin Kick (回転蹴り, Kaitengiri)[KH CoM] Pulls back one leg, then kicks while spinning like a top. Scratch (引っかき, Hikkaki)[KH Re:CoM] Roundhouse Kick (まわし蹴り, Mawashigeri)[KH Re:CoM] Large Body Body Attack (ボディアタック, Bodi Atakku) The Large Body crosses its hands in front of its body, then jumps and lands on his belly. Powerwild Sliding (スライディング, Suraidingu) Slide forward while kicking. Quick execution. Jump Kick (ジャンプキック, Janpu Kikku)[KH CoM] After jumping straight up, kicks forward while rapidly descending. Has high power. Punch (パンチ, Panchi)[KH Re:CoM] Air Soldier Axe Kick (カカト落とし[KH CoM]/かかと落とし[KH Re:CoM], Kakato Otoshi) While somersaulting, dives forward and performs an axe kick. Hell Thrust (地獄突き, Jigoku Tsuki) Quickly descends to the ground, then jumps up and strikes its hand like a sword. Bandit Downswing (振り下ろし, Furioroshi) Raises its sword, takes a step forward, then swings its sword down. Has a large vertical range. Rolling Tackle (ローリングタックル, Rōringu Takkuru) Leaps forward and swings its sword while performing a somersault. Quickly covers a large distance. Fat Bandit Mow Down Attack (なぎ払い攻撃, Nagiharai Kōgeki)[KH CoM] Mow Down (なぎ払い, Nagiharai)[KH Re:CoM] While swinging its large body, alternatively strikes with both hands. The attack often hits twice. Barrel Spider Dash Explosion (ダッシュ爆発, Dasshu Bakuhatsu)[KH CoM] Tilts its body forward and rushes, self-destructing after moving a certain distance, or when coming into contact with the opponent. Ramming Attack (体当たり攻撃, Taiatari Kōgeki)[KH Re:CoM] Search Ghost Hand Slam (ハンドスラム, Hando Suramu) Only used when HP is full. Waves hands around, then thrusts them forward. Sea Neon Spin Attack (回転攻撃, Kaiten Kōgeki) Spins like a top and lunges at the opponent. Quick attack. Body Blow (体当たり, Taiatari) Turns sideways and contracts its body, then attacks the opponent with its head. Screwdiver Shake Off (振り払い, Furiharai) Lands and performs a wide swing with its spear. Spin Attack (回転攻撃, Kaiten Kōgeki)[KH CoM] Swoops forward, spinning its body while swinging its spear. Has a long reach. Vertical Swing (縦振り, Tate Furi)[KH Re:CoM] Aquatank Spin Attack (回転攻撃, Kaiten Kōgeki) Spins horizontally while moving in a zigzag trajectory. Wight Knight Upswing (振り上げ, Furiage) Bends over, then swings both hands up. The opponent will fly straight up when hit. Spin Attack (回転攻撃, Kaiten Kōgeki) Wraps both arms around its body, then swings around and unwraps them with force. The attack hits multiple times. Gargoyle Wing Attack (ウイング攻撃, Uingu Kōgeki) After gaining height, quickly falls and strike with its wings like spears. Pirate Sword Swing Walk (剣振り歩き, Ken Furi Aruki) Charge Attack (チャージ攻撃, Chāji Kōgeki)[KH CoM] Charge Swing (チャージ振り, Chāji Furi)[KH Re:CoM] Air Pirate Uppercut (アッパーカット, Appākatto) Charge Punch (チャージパンチ, Chāji Panchi) Darkball Bite Attack (かみつき攻撃, Kamitsuki Kōgeki) Boisterous Dance (乱舞, Ranbu) Defender Shield Bite Attack (シールドかみつき攻撃, Shīrudo Kamitsuki Kōgeki) Wyvern Drill Rush Attack (きりもみ突進攻撃, Kirimomi Tosshin Kōgeki) Continuous Kick (連続蹴り, Renzoku Keri) Neoshadow Scratch Attack (ひっかき攻撃, Hikkaki Kōgeki) Black Fungus Dark Poison (ダークポイズン, Dāku Poizun)[KH Re:CoM] Poison Touch (ポイズンタッチ, Poizun Tacchi)[KH Re:CoM] Tornado Step Propeller Charge (プロペラチャージ, Puropera Chāji)[KH CoM] Jump Strike (ジャンプたたき, Janpu Tataki) Aerial Jump Slap (空中ジャンプビンタ, Kuchū Janpu Binta)[KH Re:CoM] Crescendo Trumpet Blow (ラッパなぐり, Rappa Naguri) Card Soldier (Heart) Thrust (突き, Tsuki) Holds its spear at waist height, then thrusts it while stepping forward. Has a long reach. Card Soldier (Spade) Downswing (振り下ろし, Furioroshi) Jumps and somersaults forward while swinging its axe down. Can reach far. Moving Attack (移動攻撃, Idō Kōgeki)[KH Re:CoM] Guard Armor One-Two Punch (ワンツーパンチ, Wan Tsū Panchi) Used with at least one arm remaining. Punches with the remaining arm(s).[KH CoM] Used at close range, with at least one arm remaining. Punches in order of right arm, left arm, right arm. Can hit up to three times. Even if one arm is broken, an invisible punch will hit.[KH Re:CoM] Mow Down Attack (なぎ払い攻撃, Nagiharai Kōgeki) Used when the enemy is behind it, and at least one arm remains. Swings its arms sideways.[KH CoM] Used at close range, with at least one arm remaining. Swings its arms repeatedly while moving forward.[KH Re:CoM] Stomp Attack (足踏み攻撃, Ashibumi Kōgeki) Used with at least one leg remaining. The leg parts walk and stomp on the enemy.[KH CoM] Used at far range, with at least one leg remaining. Stomps on the spot a few times, before separating the legs and lunging.[KH Re:CoM] Spin Attack (スピンアタック, Supin Atakku) Used when both arms and both legs are destroyed. Spins its body sideways and charges.[KH CoM] Used at any distance, when only the torso remains. Charges while spinning the torso. Stops moving when the attack hits.[KH Re:CoM] Jafar (Genie) Shake Off (振り払い, Furiharai)[KH Re:CoM] Only used when the opponent is close. Attacks by grabbing with his hand. Can be dodged by jumping or moving away. Knuckle Hammer (ナックルハンマー, Nakkuru Hanmā)[KH CoM] Only used when the opponent is close. Swings a flaming fist down. When the fist hits a foothold, it causes an explosion, giving the attack a large range. Cloud Vertical Swing (縦振り, Tate Furi) Cloud holds his large sword over his back and swings it down quickly. The attack has a wider range than it looks. Landing Slash (着地斬り, Chakuchi Kiri) Used when flying. After standing still in midair, Cloud slashes with the momentum of the fall. Cross-slash (凶斬り, Kyōgiri, lit. "Misfortune Slash") Cloud jumps towards Sora, and performs three consecutive attacks, consisting of a vertical slash, a horizontal slash, and an upward slash. Trickmaster Club Upswing (棍棒振り上げ, Konbō Furiage)[KH CoM] Table Breaking Attack (テーブル破壊攻撃, Tēburu Hakai Kōgeki)[KH CoM] Table Break (テーブル破壊, Tēburu Hakai)[KH Re:CoM] Club Attack (Overhead) (棍棒攻撃（上段）, Konbō Kōgeki (Jōdan))[KH Re:CoM] Club Attack (Low) (棍棒攻撃（下段）, Konbō Kōgeki (Gedan))[KH Re:CoM] Parasite Cage One-Hand Strike (片手たたき, Katate Tataki)[KH CoM] Used at close range. Strikes with tentacle with a large swing. Mow Down (なぎ払い, Nagiharai)[KH Re:CoM] Used at close range. Swings its left or right tentacle sideways. Can be avoided by jumping or moving further away. Both Hands Strike (両手たたき, Ryōte Tataki) Used at close range. Strikes with both tentacles. The impact makes the platforms sink into the acid, making them smaller.[KH CoM] Used at close range, after taking damage. Swings down both tentacles and sinks all platforms. The platforms will float up immediately, but will be smaller in size and won't sink even if Sora or Riku is on them all the time. Won't be used when the acid disappears.[KH Re:CoM] Bite Tackle (かみつきタックル, Kamitsuki Takkuru) sed at medium range. Thrusts its body forward while supporting it with its two tentacles, and bites with the mouth on its abdomen. Oogie Boogie Saw Gimmick (ノコギリギミック, Nokogiri Saikoro) A disc-shaped saw moves along the floor. When Oogie Boogie's HP is low, the saw moves faster.[KH CoM] 2~4 disc-shaped saw moves along the floor. The number of saws increases as Oogie Boogie's HP gets lower.[KH Re:CoM] Knife Gimmick (ナイフギミック, Naifu Gimikku) Multiple blades lower from the ceiling and bounce around. When Oogie Boogie's HP is low, the blades move faster.[KH CoM] Ten blades lower from the ceiling, moving up and down as they move from one end of the room to the other.[KH Re:CoM] Slap (引っぱたき, Hippataki)[KH Re:CoM] Only used at close range, when the fence is fully lowered. Swings right hand sideways. Doesn't reach far. Ursula Tentacle Sweep (触手払い, Shokushu Harai)[KH Re:CoM] Slightly swings the tentacles sideways. Has narrow range, but the fast movement makes it hard to dodge. Tentacle Strike (触手たたき, Shokushu Tataki) Used when the tentacles have been revived. Sweeps the upraised tentacle to the side.[KH CoM] Slams tentacles on the ground, creating a shock wave. Has a large reach.[KH Re:CoM] Captain Hook Shake Off (振り払い, Furiharai)[KH CoM] Hook swings his rapier wide to the side. Letter x Swing (×の字振り, x no Ji Furi)[KH Re:CoM] Used at close range. Hook approaches Sora or Riku, and swings his sword twice in the shape of the letter x. If the first swing hits, the attack is stopped. Continuous Shake Off (連続振り払い, Renzoku Furiharai) Hook approaches the opponent, and slashes his rapier twice in quick succession. Hits up to 2 times.[KH CoM] Used at close range. Hook swings his sword left and right 3 times. The last swing goes diagonally upward, and has a high reach.[KH Re:CoM] Rush Thrust (突進突き, Tosshin Tsuki) Hook thrusts while stepping forward.[KH CoM] Used at close range. Hook thrusts 2 times with his sword, then thrusts a third time while moving forward.[KH Re:CoM] Disorderly Thrust (乱れ突き, Midare Tsuki)[KH Re:CoM] Replaces Rush Thrust when Hook's HP falls below 40%. Hook approaches Sora or Riku and thrusts 5 times in various directions. Combo & Present (コンボ＆プレゼント, Konbo & Purezento) Hook attacks 8 times, before throwing 3 randomly bouncing present bombs.[KH CoM] Used when Hook's HP falls below 40%, and at close range. Hook swings his sword, thrusts 2 times while stepping forward, then throws 8 bombs disguised as presents.[KH Re:CoM] Barrel Blast (バレルブラスト, Bareru Burasuto)[KH Re:CoM] Hook jumps on a higher platform and drops 6 barrels, which are placed next to each other across the arena. The barrels roll back and forth in accordance with the tilt of the arena. They explode when 25 seconds have passed, they hit Sora, Riku, or Hook, or when they are caught in the explosion of another barrel. Once Hook drops the barrels, he'll wait on the higher platform, before coming down and chasing Sora or Riku, and attacking them with his sword when getting close, jumping back on the platform afterwards, and repeating the process. Maleficent (Dragon) Bite (かみつき, Kamitsuki) Raises head, then bites vigorously. Sometimes bites twice.[KH CoM] Quickly moves its head and bites 4 times. Doesn't reach far, but may still be used at a distance.[KH Re:CoM] Tail Spin (テイルスピン, Teiru Supin)[KH Re:CoM] Jumps and spins while swinging its tail, causing an earthquake upon landing that covers the entire arena. The earthquake can't hit airborne targets, but the tail has a high reach. Firaga Breath (ファイガブレス, Faiga Buresu, lit. "Figa Breath")[KH Re:CoM] Breathes dark fire in 3 variations. Either breathes fire straight ahead in a fan shape that reaches the edge of the arena, breathes fire from left to right with little reach, or lifts its legs, breathes fire from left to right, and stomp the ground to create an earthquake. Earth Shake (アースシェイク, Āsu Sheiku)[KH Re:CoM] Strikes the ground with both front legs, causing an earthquake. The attack covers the entire arena. Axel Continuous Attack (連続攻撃, Renzoku Kōgeki) Axel swings his weapon sideways. If the attack hits, he swings his other weapon up.[KH CoM] Axel approaches Sora and attacks 3 times with his weapon while spinning sideways, then throws his right weapon, his left weapon, and both weapons together. If Axel misses one hit, the attack is cancelled. Although his weapons are covered in flames, he deals physical damage.[KH Re:CoM] Throw & Catch (スロウ＆キャッチ, Surou & Kacchi) Axel throws his weapon while backing up, then immediately warps to catch the weapon.[KH CoM] Axel throws his weapon, then immediately warps to the destination to catch the weapon. The angle at which the weapon is thrown depends on Sora's height, making it difficult to dodge by jumping. Although the weapon is covered in fire, the attack deals physical damage.[KH Re:CoM] Larxene Continuous Attack (連続攻撃, Renzoku Kōgeki) Larxene swings her knives up. If it hits, she follows up with a strike from her other hand.[KH CoM] Larxene runs to Sora, swiped her left hand to the right, followed by swiping her right hand up. When dodging the first strike, Larxene will close in for the second strike.[KH Re:CoM] Knife Throw (ナイフスロー, Naifu Surō)[KH CoM] Larxene throws 6 knives forwards. Angry Rush (アングリーラッシュ, Angurī Rasshu) Used when Larxene's HP is low. Larxene strikes four times before summoning a thunderbolt. The attack stops if Larxene misses or the attack is negated.[KH CoM] Replaces Continuous Attack when Larxene's HP is less than 50%. Larxene strikes four times before jumping in the air and summoning thunderbolts. As the attacks are delivered fast, it is impossible to escape during the attack.[KH Re:CoM] Teleport Rush (テレポートラッシュ, Terepōto Rasshu) Used in the second fight. Larxene repeatedly teleports to Sora's side, attacking 4-6 times with Continuous Attack or Knife Throw.[KH CoM] Larxene teleports to Sora's side, striking twice, and repeats this up to 10 times. Can be dodged with proper timing.[KH Re:CoM] Riku Replica Vertical Cut (縦斬り, Tate Kiri)[KH CoM] Riku Replica leaps forward while twisting his body, and swings his sword down from above his head. The attack hits multiple times. Continuous Cut (連続斬り, Renzoku Kiri)[KH CoM] Riku Replica swings his sword down, then steps forward and thrusts. The thrust stuns Sora or Riku if it hits. Vertical Swing (縦振り, Tate Furi)[KH Re:CoM] Riku Replica jumps slightly and swings his sword down. In the second-fourth battles against Sora, and the second battle against Riku, shock waves are sent diagonally forward from the sword. Performing a card break does not cancel the shock waves. Continuous Swing (連続振り, Renzoku Furi)[KH Re:CoM] Riku Replica swings his sword down, then steps forward and thrusts. The thrust has a 25% chance to stun Sora or Riku. In the third and fourth battles against Sora, and the second battle against Riku, a ring of light flies from the sword during the first swing. Shake Off (振り払い, Furiharai) Riku Replica steps forward, swinging his sword by turning his body. The attack hits multiple times.[KH CoM] Riku Replica spins on one foot, while swinging his sword sideways. The attack can hit twice, but as Riku Replica doesn't move while swinging his sword, it doesn't reach very far.[KH Re:CoM] Helmet Split (兜割り, Kabuto-wari)[KH CoM] Riku Replica soars toward the opponent, then thrusts down while falling. After the attack, he leaps backwards. Vexen Shield Blow (シールドブロウ, Shīrudo Burou) Vexen strikes with his shield while gliding forward.[KH CoM] Vexen swings his shield twice while moving forward, before generating a pillar of ice in front of him. The ice pillar remains for a while, even after a Card Break.[KH Re:CoM] Lexaeus Continuous Attack (連続攻撃, Renzoku Kōgeki)[KH CoM] Lexaeus swings his axe sword down. If it hits, he performs a second strike. If the Lexaeus Enemy Card is in effect, the second strike will stun Riku. Combo Attack (連撃, Reneki)[KH Re:CoM] Used at close range. Lexaeus swings his axe sword down. If it hits, he performs a second strike. If the Lexaeus Enemy Card is in effect, the second strike has a 2/3 chance to stun Riku. After using Charge once, the second hit will create a shock wave. After using Charge twice, the shock wave will cover the entire arena. Tomahawk Shot (トマホークショット, Tomahōku Shotto) Lexaeus throws his axe sword up. After falling down, the weapon will bounce on the floor several times before disappearing.[KH CoM] Lexaeus throws his axe sword. It will perform a U-turn at the edge of the arena. It can hit up to 2 times.[KH Re:CoM] Ansem, Seeker of Darkness Dark Blow (ダークブロウ, Dāku Burou)[KH Re:CoM] Dark Rush (ダークラッシュ, Dāku Rasshu)[KH Re:CoM] Dark Shadow (ダークシャドウ, Dāku Shadou)[KH Re:CoM]

Weakness and Resistance

Party members

Certain Enemy Card effects provide a temporary resistance to Physcial attacks, while others cause you to be stunned when hit by a Physical attack.

Resistance

Ability	Enemy Card	Description
Guard	Large Body	Deflects frontal physical attacks and completely nullifies damage.
Protect	Defender	Decreases damage from physical attacks by the enemy. Magical attacks do normal damage.
Warp Break	Lexaeus	Stun enemies with the finishing blow of a combo with a high success rate. Immune to ice, and resistant to physical attacks, but weak against special attacks.

Weakness

Ability	Enemy Card	Description
Double Sleight	Marluxia	Use stocked cards and sleights twice in a row. Resistant to fire, ice, lightning, and special attacks, but weak against physical attacks.